Chemistry

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Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions. Chemistry focuses on the interactions between different types of matter, particularly reactions that involve electrons.

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Topics: Past Papers, Periodic Table, Balancing Chemical Equations, Writing Balanced Equations, Stoichiometry, School Chemistry, Chemistry & Physics Experiments, High School Chemistry, General Chemistry I, General Chemistry II and Organic Chemistry.

Edexcel A-level Chemistry Past Papers & Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 1 to 6, WCH

IAL, Chemistry Paper 1, Jan 2022 WCH11 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 1, Jan 2021 WCH11 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 1, May 2020 WCH11 Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 2, Jan 2021 WCH12 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 2, May 2020 WCH12 Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 3, Jan 2021 WCH13 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 3, May 2020 WCH13 Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 4, Jan 2021 WCH14 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 4, May 2020 WCH14 Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 5, Jan 2021 WCH15 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 5, May 2020 WCH15 Solutions

IAL, Chemistry Paper 6, Jan 2021 WCH16 Solutions
IAL, Chemistry Paper 6, May 2020 WCH16 Solutions

Periodic Table

We will start with some lessons on atoms and the elements in the Periodic Table.

Patterns in the Periodic Table

An Introduction to Atoms, Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
Periodic Table of Elements
Group 1: The Alkali Metals
Group 7: The Halogens
Group 0: The Noble Gases
Transition Metals

Balancing chemical equations

General rules for balancing equations

Interpret a chemical formula - counting the atoms

Rule 1 Balancing chemical equations using the one’s and two’s technique
Rule 2 Balancing chemical equations using the two’s and three’s technique
Rule 3 Balancing chemical equations using the CHO technique
Rule 4 Balancing chemical equations using the even technique
Rule 5 Balancing chemical equations containing polyatomic ions
Writing a balanced equation

Writing a balanced chemical equation
Writing a balanced ionic equation

Stoichiometry

In the following lessons, we will look into some important skills of chemistry that involve mathematics:

Calculations in Chemistry

Deducing chemical formulas Determining valency of elements
Methods to deduce chemical formulas
Naming chemical substances Naming ionic compounds
Naming covalent compounds
What is atomic number & mass number?
Isotopes & Relative Atomic Mass
Relative Molecular Mass / Relative Formula Mass
Mole, Avogadro Constant & Molar Mass
Mole Calculation - Moles to Mass, Mass to Moles
Molar Volume, Avogadro’s Law
Stoichiometry - Calculations from Equations
Percent Yield & Percent Purity

School Chemistry

This is a series of lectures in videos covering Chemistry topics taught in schools.

Chemistry & Physics Experiments

Chemistry & Physics Projects

Chemistry Experiments for Junior Certificate
Physics Experiments for Junior Certificate Mixing Light
Photons of Light
Air Pressure
Temperature
Freezing by Boiling
Free Fall
Packing Peanuts
Newton’s Third Law
Concentration & Reaction Rates
Density
Fun with a Vacuum
Circular Motion
Bernoulli Effect
Thermal Conduction
Pendulums
Motion in Two Dimensions
Shoot the Monkey
Eddy Currents
Angular Momentum
Waves
The Doppler Effect
Mirror & Images
States of Matter
Liquid Air
Fluorescence
Making Clouds
Quantum Mechanics
A Particle Experiment
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Entropy
Rolling Uphill
Straight Line

High School Chemistry

General Chemistry I

This is a series of lectures in videos covering Chemistry topics taught in colleges or universities.

College Chemistry Part 1

Matter & Measurement
Units & Uncertainty
Solving Problems in Chemistry
Atoms & Elements

Elements & Moles
Chemical Bonding
Balancing Chemical Equations
Organic Molecules

Reaction Yields
Gases
Thermochemistry

General Chemistry II

College Chemistry Part 2

Heat & Enthalpy
Enthalpy Changes for Chemical Reactions
Enthalpy of Expansion & Compression of Gases

Entropy & Heat
Entropy & Equilibrium
Entropy & Heat Engines

Chemical Equilibrium
Phase Equilibria

Liquid Solutions
Acids & Bases
Buffer Solutions
Acid-Base Titrations

Solubility of Ionic Solids
Selective Precipitation

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
Batteries
Corrosion

Oxidation States

Electrochemistry
Transition Metal Complexes
Electronic Structure of Coordination Complexes

Organic Chemistry
Bioorganic Chemistry

Chemical Kinetics
Complex Reaction Mechanisms

Nuclear Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

Lessons on Organic Chemistry

Representing Structures of Organic Molecules
Naming Simple Alkanes
Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups
Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name

Common & Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec & Tert Prefixes
Organic Chemistry Naming Examples

Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3 Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4 Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5

Naming Alkenes Examples Naming Alkyl Halides sp3 Hybridized Orbitals & Sigma Bonds Pi bonds & sp2 Hybridized Orbitals

Newman Projections Newman Projections 2 Chair & Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane

Introduction to Chirality Chiral Examples 1 Chiral Examples 2

Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System for Naming Enantiomers R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) Naming System Example 2 Stereoisomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Constitutional Isomers & Meso Compounds

Cis-Trans & E-Z Naming Scheme for Alkenes Entgegen-Zusammen Naming Scheme for Alkenes Examples

Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms Markovnikov’s Rule & Carbocations Addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism Polymerization of Alkenes with Acid

SN2 Reactions SN1 Reactions Steric Hindrance SN2 Stereochemistry

Solvent Effects on SN1 & SN2 Reactions Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength) Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity

E2 Reactions E1 Reactions Zaitsev’s Rule

Comparing E2 E1 SN2 SN1 Reactions E2 E1 SN2 SN1 Reactions Example 2 E2 E1 SN2 SN1 Reactions Example 3 Free Radical Reactions

Alcohols Alcohol Properties Resonance in benzene & the carbonate ion

Ether Naming & Introduction Cyclic ethers & epoxide naming Ring-opening SN2 reaction of expoxides SN1 & SN2 epoxide opening discussion

Aromatic Compounds & Huckel’s Rule Naming Benzene Derivatives Introduction Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Bromination of Benzene

Amine Naming Introduction Amine Naming 2 Amine as Nucleophile in Sn2 Reaction Amine in Sn2 part 2 Sn1 Amine Reaction

Aldehyde Introduction Ketone Naming Friedel Crafts Acylation Friedel Crafts Acylation Addendum Keto Enol Tautomerization

Carboxlic Acid Introduction Carboxylic Acid Naming Fisher Esterification

Acid Chloride Formation Amides, Anhydrides, Esters & Acyl Chlorides Relative Stability of Amides Esters Anhydrides & Acyl Chlorides Amide Formation from Acyl Chloride Aldol Reaction

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