This is a series of lectures in videos covering Chemistry topics commonly taught in schools.
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There are several ways to calculate concentration in chemistry, depending on the type of concentration you’re dealing with and the information you have available. Here are the most common methods:
Mass Concentration:
Concentration units: grams per liter (g/L), milligrams per liter (mg/L), parts per million (ppm), etc.
Formula: Concentration = Mass of solute / Volume of solution
Example: You dissolve 5 grams of salt in 100 milliliters of water. What is the concentration of the salt solution?
Concentration = 5 g / 0.1 L = 50 g/L
Molar Concentration (Molarity):
Concentration units: moles per liter (mol/L)
Formula: Molarity = Moles of solute / Volume of solution (in liters)
Example: You dissolve 10 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water to make 250 milliliters of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?
First, calculate the moles of NaOH: 10 g / 40 g/mol = 0.25 mol
Then, calculate the molarity: 0.25 mol / 0.25 L = 1.0 mol/L
Percent Concentration (Mass/Volume):
Concentration units: percent weight per volume (% w/v)
Formula: % w/v = (Mass of solute / Volume of solution) x 100%
Example: You mix 20 grams of sugar with 100 milliliters of water. What is the percent concentration of sugar in the solution?
% w/v = (20 g / 0.1 L) x 100% = 20%
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